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No. 750,890. PATENTED FEB. 2, 1904. M. VON REGKLINGHAUSEN. GAS 0R VAPORLAMP AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27. 1902.

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APPLICATION FILED MAB. 27. 1902.

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Patented February 2, 1904.

UNITEDST TE-s PATENT OFFICE.

MAX VON RECKLINGHAUSEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORA- TION OF NEWYORK.

GAS OR VAPOR LAMP AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 750,890, dated February2, 1904.

Application filed March 27, 1902.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MAX VON RECKLING- HAUSEN, a subject of His Majestythe Emperor of Germany, and a resident of New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Gas or Vapor Lamps and Apparatus Connected Therewith, ofwhich the following is a specification.

In operating gas or vapor electric lamps of the Cooper Hewitt type ithas been found that difficulty sometimes arises in starting and runningsuch lamps when they are exposed to cold air or drafts, as when they arelocated outside a building in winter weather. It has heretofore beenproposed to mount such lamps in what may be called lanterns, wherein thetube containing the gas or vapor adapted to become luminous is protectedfrom exposure to the atmosphere by being surrounded by a transparentprotecting-tube within which the luminous tube is supported. I havedevised means whereby the admission of the external air into the body ofsuch a lantern and its passage therethrough shall be controllable eithermanually or automatically, as will be fully explained in thespecification which follows. Moreover, to provide against extremeconditions even under such surroundings I may provide special means forheating the interior of the lantern and thus raising the temperature ofthe luminous tube until it is in a condition suitable for easy startingand operation. When an automatic air-admission device is employed, itmay be operated by means of an electromagnet or solenoid in series withthe lamp.

The apparatus which the magnet or solenoid may operate may be a slidewhich in one position will close the lower end of the lantern and inanother position will leave a free passage of considerable area for theouter air. As the lamp will take a great deal of current in cold weatherthe action of the series magnet may be made to keep the slide closed,while in warm weather, when the lamp will take less current, the slidewill be kept wholly Serial No. 100,167. (No model.)

or partially open by means of a spring or other device acting againstthe pull of the magnet. Another way to govern the slide is by means of athermal spring acting according to the lantern temperature to keep theslide in a closed or open or intermediate position, as the case may be.

I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is a vertical section of my lantern. Fig. 2 is an enlargedvertical section thereof, showing the parts in greater detail. Fig. 3 isa section of the upper'part of the lantern, taken at right angles to thesection shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross-section along the lines 4 4.in Fig. 3 looking downward. Fig. 5 is a vertical section along the line5 5 in Fig. 2 looking toward the left. Fig. 6 is a cross-section alongthe line 6 6 in Fig. 2 looking downward. Fig. 7 is a similar sectionalview along the line 7 7 in Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a detail view. Fig. 9 is adetail of a solenoid apparatus adapted to operate the air-admissionslide automatically. Fig. 10 is a vertical section along the line 10 10in Fig. 9, and Fig. 11 is a view of an automatic thermal device adaptedto operate the air-admission slides.

In the drawings, 1 is a gas or vapor electric lamp of the type known asthe Cooper Hewitt lamp. The lamp is provided with a positive electrode2, which may be of pure iron, and with a negative electrode 5, ofmercury. The lamp thus described is surrounded by a transparent tube3-say of glass-the lower end of which is supported on an insulatingbase4, which is itself mounted upon a plate 6, as shown. Above the tube 3 isanother plate 7, which is connected to the plate 6 by rods 8 8, theplates 6 and 7 and the rods 8 constituting the framework of my lantern.

Forks 9 9, secured to the plate 7 by nuts 10 10, embrace the upper endof the tube 3 and constitute a sufiicient support therefor.

' The stems of the forks 9 9 are, as clearly shown in Fig. 4, located inslotted openings, whereby the adjustment of the transparent in Fig. 8.In that figure a notched lever 16 is pivoted to the plate 6 and may bemade to assume different positions by moving it upon its pivot.

' set into the notch in the lever 16, the latter may then be moved intotheposition illustrated in Fig. 6, and a set-screw 17 may then betightened against the handle 15 of the loop 14, whereupon the loop willbe centered with respect to the lantern-frame and the tube 3. It is thenadapted to receive the lower end of the lamp 1 and hold it centrallywithin the tube 3, as is desired.

The plate 7 is provided with openings 18 18, corresponding to openings19 19 in an adjustable open-ring plate 20, secured by clips 21 under theplate 7. The ring-plate 20 can be moved so as to make the openings 19mesh with the openings 18 either wholly or partially, or it can be stillfarther moved to the position illustrated in Fig. 4, so that theopenings referred to are out of mesh. The object of this part of thestructure is to provide for the passage of air into the region above theplate 7 through the openings 18 19 or to shut off the passage throughsuch openings, as may be required.

The upper part of the lantern consists of a metallic shield 22 and anadjustable hood 23. The former is hinged to the plate 7 by means ofbrackets 24 24, cooperating through pivots 25 25 with a yoke 26. Thesaid yoke 26 is secured by a nut 28 to the lower end of a bolt 29,provided at the top with an opening 30, whereby it can be attached to asuitable support. An externally-screw-threaded nut 31 surrounds the bolt29 and has secured to it by screws or rivets a number of arms 27 27,forming a spider, these arms being secured at their opposite ends to theshield 22, as shown. The nut 31 is adapted to receive a nut 32, formedon or secured to the hood 23.

The structure composed of the hood 23, the nuts 32 and 31, the spider27, and the shield 22 can be lifted off the bolt 29 at will. The yoke 26can then be tilted upon the pivots 25 25 far enough to permit the lamp 1to be thrust down through the openings 12 and 13 for adjustment withinthe lantern.

The hood 23 has two diameters, as shown, and is capable of being carrieddown far enough to entirely close the opening between the upper part ofthe shield 22 and the lower part The handle of the loop 14 being,

of that portion of the hood 23 having the smaller diameter. In this waythe passage of air out at the top of the shield 22 can be prevented, ifdesired, or an opening can be left there for the circulation of air.

In order to fix the parts in place after the lamp has been put into thelantern, I provide a tilting yoke 33, pivoted at 34 on one of thebrackets 24 and adapted to move down into the position illustrated infull lines in Figs. 3 and 4, so as to hold the yoke 26 from swinging onits pivots 25.

The lower part of the lantern consists externally of a box 35, hinged at36 and provided with a detent 37 for engagement with a catch 38, wherebythe box portion can be held up in the position illustrated in Fig. 2 orcan be swung away to give access to the parts within the box. The lowerplate of the box is centrally perforated, and an insulating ring or bead39 is set in, the said ring or bead being outwardly curved and adaptedto serve as a bearing for a slide 40, provided with a handle 41.

The bottom plate of the box is immediately above the slide 40 and isprovided with openings 42 42, corresponding in shape to the shape of theslide 40. In other words, the slide is formed in wings or on oppositesides of the center, each ring representing substantially a quadrantadapted to cover the quadrant-shaped openings in the bottom plate of thebox 35. Thus when the slide is in one position the bottom of the box ispractically closed, While in another position about half the bottom ofthe box is open to admit air.

In Fig. 7 the slide is represented in an intermediate position, showingthe openings only partially closed. The manipulation of the slides inthis instance may be accomplished through the medium of the handle 41.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I show automatic means for operating the slide, suchmeans consisting of a curved solenoid 44, having a properlyshapedarmature 45, the solenoid itself being supported upon a bracket 46,attached to the inner wall of the box 35, while the armature is attachedto one wing of the slide 40, being operated upon by a spring 47 in sucha manner as to hold the slide open, except when the solenoid is actingagainst the force of the spring.

It will be understood that the solenoid is arranged in circuit with thelamp, so that when the lamp takes current the solenoid Will be energizedmore or less strongly, according to the amount of current passingthrough the lamp-circuit. In cold weather the lamp takes considerablecurrent, and the tendency of the solenoid will then be to close thesolenoid in opposition to the force of the spring 47. The same tendencywill exist in warm weather, but to a less degree, owing to the fact thatthe lamp-circuit carries less current under such conditions. Accordinglythe slide will be operated more or less, or not at all, according to thetemperature conditions under which the lamp operates.

In Fig. 11 the force acting upon the slide is that of a thermal spring50 of any of the well-known designs, consisting generally of It remainsto describe the circuit connections and the means which I have devisedfor supplying artificial heat to the bottom of the lantern so as to beindependent of external temperature conditions.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 5, it will be seen that an electric heater isshown at 51, the same being mounted upon an insulating-bracket 52,secured to the plate 6. This heater may be of any preferredconstruction. For example, it may consist of fine platinum wire woundupon supports of porcelain or other good heatresisting non-conductingmaterial,the wire being of such diameter as to become highly heatedunder the influence of the current passing through it. The currentsupplying the heaters is preferably independent of the current supplyingthe lamps and may be derived from any suitable source. The wires leadingto the heater and thus leading to the lamp generally enter through thering or head 39, the latter wires being led to binding-posts 55 56 on aninsulatingbracket 57 secured to the plate 6. The binding-screws of thesebindingposts are connected one to the upper electrode of the lampthrough the wire 60 and the other to the lower terminal thereof throughthe wire 61. The egress of air through the top of the lantern may becontrolled by means of the slide 20 and by the adjustment of the hood23, it being understood that there is always an opening above the top ofthe glass cylinder 3, as shown. On the other hand, the ingress of air tothe bottom of the lantern is controlled by means of the slide 40 and theopenings 42 42. By various adjustments of the parts named theventilation of the lantern is governed.

What I claim as my invention is 1. The combination with a gas or vaporelectric lamp, of an inclosing lantern-frame supporting a transparenttube or cylinder outside the lamp, and adjustable means for centeringthe lamp within the said tube or cylinder.

having an opening near its top, a transparent tube or cylinder outsidethe lamp and supported by the said frame, means for adjusting the top ofthe said tube or cylinder concentrically with the said opening, andmeansfor centering the opposite end of the lamp within the said tube orcylinder.

4:. The combination with a gas or vapor electric lamp, of a lanternsupporting and surrounding the same, and separate means for regulatingthe admission and exit of air to and from the said lantern.

5. The combination with a gas or vapor electric lamp, of a lanternsupporting and surrounding the same, a protecting device for the upperend of the lamp, a hood above the lamp, and means for adjusting the saidhood.

6. The combination with a gas or vapor electric lamp, of a lanternsupporting and surrounding the same, a metallic box or casing at the endof the lamp containing the negative electrode, and means for regulatingthe admission of air into the said box or casing.

7. The combination with a gas or vapor electric lamp, of a lanternsupporting and surrounding the same, and automatic meansfor regulatingthe admission of air to the lantern.

8. The combination with a gas or vapor electric lamp and a lanternsupporting and surrounding the same, of adjustable devices forregulating the admission of air to the lantern, and independentadjustable devices for regulating the exit of air therefrom.

9. The combination with a gas or vapor electric lamp and a lanternsupporting and surrounding the same of circuit-terminals for the lampmounted within the lantern, an electric heater also mounted within thelantern, the circuit-terminals and the heater being inclosed within asuitable box, and means for withdrawing the box so as to gain access tothe heater and the terminals.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,this 25th day of March, A. D. 1902.

MAX VON RECKLINGHAUSEN.

Witnesses:-

VVMT. H. OAPEL, GEORGE H. STOOKBRIDGE.

